Tretinoin, Retinol, and Retinyl Palmitate: The Key to Anti-Aging Success?


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Photo: Tretinoin treatments, courtesy Drugs.com. According to Dr. David E. Bank, director of the Center for Dermatology, Cosmetic & Laser Surgery, researchers discovered the anti-aging properties of Retin-A, a prescription topical treatment containing a derivative of vitamin A, in 1985, when it was first used as an acne treatment. Patients reported decrease in the appearance of wrinkles and smoother skin, in addition to a reduction in acne. The active ingredient in Retin-A, tretinoin (brand name Renova), is the only chemical to date to... read more

Cellulite: Probable Causes and Current Treatments


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Cellulite
Photo source: Murad.com According to a recent Allure.com reader poll, 36% of respondees most dreamed of a cure for cellulite. And why not? Cellulite affects approximately 85-98% of women of all races. According to Dr. Leslie Baumann, it is caused by the irregular extrusion of adipose tissue (i.e., fat) into the reticular and papillary dermis (see below). This process may be exacerbated by weight loss. Baumann cites the research of Draelos et. al as having the most likely theory of the cause of cellulite: decreased circulation in the... read more

Focus on: Spider angiomas


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Spider angiomas, also called spider nevi, are common and benign tumors, usually bright red and small (1 mm), made of blood vessels. According to Dr. Mark Crowe, M.D., a spider angioma consists of a central arteriole with radiating thin-walled vessels; the entire lesion is usually 0.5-1 cm in diameter. Commonly found on the face, neck, upper part of the trunk, and arms, spider angiomas may be present in as many as 10-15% of healthy adults and children. Usually, spider angiomas resolve themselves in young children, but are usually... read more

Product Review: Wexler MMPi Skin Regeneration Serum


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MMpi
Leave it to Patricia Wexler, the fashion-forward, world-famous Manhattan-based dermatologist, to put a phrase like “matrix metalloproteinase” on the map. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are collagen-degrading enzymes that play an important role in the aging picture. In a 1996 study by Fisher et al., it was found that UV exposure increase MMPs (and hence collagen production) in three steps, as mentioned in Cosmetic Dermatology. One, UV exposure increases the production of the transcription factor c-jun. Two, the... read more

How do antioxidants work?


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Antioxidants
Ah, yes, the antioxidant. While nearly everyone has heard of them, few know how they actually work. But it’s relatively simple. Let’s get into some basic chemistry. Oxygen molecules are stable, or unreactive, when they have an even number of electrons. However, when oxygen molecules combine with other molecules, the oxygen can end up with an odd number of electrons. The oxygen molecule is now unstable and highly reactive, and the odd-numbered species is known as a free radical. This free radical really is a crazy, radical... read more

The New Antioxidant Powerhouse: CoffeeBerry Extract


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The Coffea arabica coffee cherry
CoffeeBerry extract is the new antioxidant in town. Derived from the coffee cherry of the Coffea arabica when it is still green and “sub-ripe”, CoffeeBerry Extract contains an extremely high concentration of polyphenols, particularly chlorogenic acid, which serve as potent antioxidants (Baumann). In fact, according to Allure magazine, CoffeeBerry Extract currently has the highest antioxidant potential of any ingredient, based on its Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity Score (ORAC) — a method developed by the U.S. Department... read more

About

Nicki Zevola is the founder and editor-in-chief of FutureDerm.com. Named one of the top 30 beauty bloggers in the world by Konector.com since 2009, Nicki has participated in campaigns with prestige brands such as Redken, Olay, Ken Paves, Rodan + Fields, NIA 24, Advanced Skin Technology, and many others. Nicki is also a medical student within the prestigious University of Pittsburgh B.S./M.D. Medical School Guarantee Program. In 2008 she graduated from undergraduate studies as a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Honors Society and magna cum laude... read more

Product Review: Relastin Eye Silk


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Relastin Eye Silk
Accredited in The Skin Type Solution by one of my idols, Dr. Leslie Baumann (director, Division of Cosmetic Dermatology and Assistant Professor of Clinical Dermatology at the University of Miami), Relastin Eye Silk is the first skin care product that clinically demonstrates the ability to increase elastin in the skin. According to Baumann’s Cosmetic Dermatology, elastin fibers are found at the periphery of collagen bundles in the dermis, and they provide the skin with the ability to “recoil”. Defects of elastin are... read more